The Use of Calcium Lactate to Enhance the Durability and Engineering Properties of Bioconcrete

This study investigated the optimization of bioconcrete engineering properties and durability as a response calcium lactate (CL) content (0.22–2.18 g/L) curing duration (7–28 days) using surface methodology (RSM). Scanning electronic microscopy (SEM) was conducted to evaluate microstructure precipitated inside bioconcrete. The results indicated that optimal conditions for concrete were determined at 2.18 g/L CL after 23.4 days. actual predicted values compressive strength, splitting tensile flexural water absorption 43.51 vs. 43.43, 3.19 3.19, 6.93 5.50, 7.55 7.55, respectively, with level confidence exceeding 95%. scanning electron microscope images energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) proved amount increased increase in up 2.81 days, reducing pores making it great potential option healing structures.